Ensuring that simulations accurately predict how drugs behave in different patient populations. Comparing model predictions with clinical data optimizing dose response or therapeutic windows. Optimization routines help adjust dosing regimens or drug formulations to maximize efficacy while

Tailoring drug properties and delivery methods to achieve a specific pharmacological response. Targeting a drug to release at a particular rate or location in the body (e.g., in the digestive tract or bloodstream) where desired release profiles dictate the formulation parameters (e.g., polymer coatings, dissolution rates).